ASTM D4451-02 (R2021) pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Pigment Content of Paints by Low-Temperature Ashing.
1 .1 This test method covers the pigment content of paints and several traffic marking materials (thermoplastic and preformed tape) by low-temperature furnace ashing. Some organic pigments may be lost by this method and some water or moisture contained in pigments will be lost.
1 .2 The values stated in SI units are to he regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Muffle Furnace, maintained at 450°C ± 25°C.
4.2 Circulating Oven, maintained at 105°C ± 2°C.
4.3 Porcelain Dishes, 90-mm diameter.
4.4 Plastic Disposable Syringe, I 0-mL capacity.
4.5 Burner, meker type.
5. Reagents
5. 1 Purity of Reageiiis—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are available.
5.2 Toluene.
6. Procedure
6.1 Liquid-Paint.
6.1.1 Mix the sample until homogeneous, preferably on a mechanical shaker. If air bubbles become entrapped in the paint, stir it by hand.
6.1.2 Draw slightly more than 10 g of the paint under test into a 1 0-mL syringe and weigh to 0.1 mg. Transfer about 5 mL toluene to a porcelain dish tared with a paper clip for use as a stirrer. Add 10 g of the material into the toluene. Reweigh the syringe to 0.1 mg and calculate the specimen weight. Mix well on a magnetic stirrer. Place the dish in the oven at 105°C for 30 min.
6.1.3 Remove and heat a the lowest temperature possible over a meker burner in a fume hood. Do not leave the dish on the burner after the flame has subsided. Transfer to the muffle furnace and proceed as in 6.4.
6.2 Preformed Traffic Marking Tape—Cut about a l0-g square of the product. Remove the adhesive by pulling it off or by using an appropriate solvent. Save the beads that are knocked off by this process and weigh with the tape. Dry the specimen for 30 mm at 105°C to remove the solvent. Cool in a desiccator. Weigh the specimen along with the loose beads to 0.1 mg into a tared porcelain dish. Heat in a fume hood at the lowest temperature of a meker burner in a furnace hood until the material catches fire. Do not leave the dish on the burner after the flame has subsided. Transfer to the mume furnace and proceed as in 6.4.
6.3 Thermoplastic Traffic Marking Material—This material may be delivered in block or powdered form. Transfer about 400 g of the sample to a quart container and heat in a forced draft oven at 400°F until completely melted (may take as long as 4 h). Stir vigorously until well mixed. Pour about 10 g of the sample into an aluminum dish and let it cool. Remove the 10 g wafer from the aluminum dish and weigh to 0.1 mg. Transfer to a tared porcelain dish. Heat the dish at the lowest tempera- lure of a meker burner in a fume hood until the specimen catches tire. Do not leave the dish on the burner after the flame has subsided. Transfer to a mufile furnace and proceed as in
6.4.ASTM D4451 pdf download.