ASTM E446-20 pdf free download.Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness.
1.1 These reference radiographs illustrate various categories, types. and severity levels of discontinuities (‘curring in steel castings thai have section thicknesses up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) (see Note 2). The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this standard and must he purchased separately from ASTM International. if needed (see 2.2). Categories and seventy levels for each discontinuity type represented by these reference radiographs are described in 1.3.
Non I —The basis of application for these reference radiographs requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of radiographic examination attributes and classification criterion as described in Sections 4. 6. and 7 of this standard.
Non 2—Reference radiographs previously used for this thickness range carried the designation E7 I. hut included a now rarely used gamma source, that is. radium. The current documeni is also updated by inclusion of several recognized shrinkage or C categories and by elimination of the crack and hot tear categories. exccpt ftw one example of each of these discoiitinuily types. Reference radiographs for thicker sections may he found in Reference Radiographs F. 186 and F.2X0. Retrence Radiographs E446 and EI6 provide some overlap of severity levels for similar discontinuity categories within the same energy level range (sec 4.3. 5.1, and 63).
1.2 These film reference radiographs are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities lound in steel castings when performing digital radiography. If performing digital radiography of steel castings up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in thickness, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2868.
1 .3 These reference radiographs consist of three separate volumes (see Note 3) as follows: (1) medium voltage (nominal 250-kV) X-rays. (II) I-MV X-rays and lridium-192 radiation. Unless otherwise specified in a purchaser supplier agreement (see 1 . 1), each volume is for comparison only with production radio- graphs produced with radiation energy levels within the thickness range covered by this standard. Each volume consists of six categories of graded discontinuities of increasing severity level and four categories of ungraded discontinuities. Reference radiographs containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed. Following is a list of discorninuity categories, types and severity levels for the adjunct reference radiographs of this standard.ASTM E446 pdf download.