EN IEC 62281:2019 pdf download.Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during transport (IEC 62281:2019)
4.1 General considerations
Lithium cells and batteries are categorized by their chemical composition (electrodes,electrolyte) and internal construction (bobbin, spiral, stacked). They are available in various shapes. It is necessary to consider all relevant safety aspects at the battery design stage, recognizing the fact that they may differ considerably, depending on the specific lithium system, power output and battery configuration.
The following design concepts for safety are common to all lithium cells and batteries:
a) To prevent by design an abnormal temperature rise above the critical value defined by the manufacturer.
b) To control by design temperature increases in the cell or battery e.g. by limiting the current flow or by adequate thermal management.
c) To design lithium cells and batteries so as to relieve excessive internal pressure or to preclude a violent rupture under conditions of transport.
d) To design lithium cells and batteries so as to prevent a short-circuit under normal conditions of transport and intended use.
e) To equip primary lithium batteries containing cells or strings of cells connected in parallel with effective means, as may be necessary, to prevent dangerous reverse current flow (e.g. diodes, fuses, etc.).
4.2 Quality plan
The manufacturer shall implement a documented quality plan (i.e. quality reports, inspection records, management structure) defining the procedures for the inspection of materials,components, cells and batteries during the course of manufacture, to be applied to the total process of producing a specific type of battery. Manufacturers should understand their process capabilities and should institute the necessary process controls as they relate to product safety and reliability.
5.3.1 General
Generally, battery assemblies, including battery packs, battery modules, and other units that may be assembled from batteries, are tested like batteries.
5.3.2 Small battery assemblies
When testing a battery assembly in which the aggregate lithium content of all anodes, when fully charged, is not more than 500 g, or in the case of a lithium ion battery, with a nominal energy of not more than 6 200 Wh, assembled from batteries that have passed all applicable tests, one battery assembly in a fully charged state shall be tested under tests T-3, T-4 and T-5, and, in addition, test T-7 in the case of a secondary battery assembly.
NOTE The term "fully charged" is used in [12] although it applies only to secondary battery assemblies. For primary battery assemblies, the term "undischarged" would be more appropriate.
5.3.3 Large battery assemblies
A battery assembly with an aggregate lithium content of more than 500 g, or in the case of a lithium ion battery, with a nominal energy of more than 6 200 Wh, does not need to be tested if itis of a type that has been verified as preventing:
●overcharge, and
●short circuits; and
●over discharge between the batteries.EN IEC 62281 pdf download.