AWS F1.1M:2018 pdf download.Methods for Sampling Fumes and Gases，Generated by Welding and Allied Processes
1.1 Scope.
AWS F1.1M describes procedures for sampling fumes and gases generated by welding and allied processes.Because it is limited to health hazard evaluation, the standard is primarily concerned with sampling at the worker's breathing zone (see 4.1). It also describes procedures for general area sampling of fumes and gases. The sampling methods described in this standard apply to the sampling of solid particulate matter as well as the gases liberated during welding and allied processes. Gases generated during welding may include, but are not limited to, the following:
(1) Ozone (O;)
(2) Carbon Monoxide (CO)
(3) Nitric Oxide (NO) + Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) = Oxides of Nitrogen (NO、)
(4) Gaseous Fluorides
This publication is intended for use by personnel w ho are responsible for sample collection and evaluation of the envi-ronment of personnel involved with welding and allied processes. It prov ides the most w idely recognized, safe methods for the sampling to be used in the evaluation of airborne concentrations of fumes and gases commonly formed during welding. W here appropriate, analytical methods have been referenced.
While not generally present around most welding operations, it is possible to encounter toxic phosgene gas where degreasing or cleaning activities involving chlorinated hydrocarbons are carried out in close proximity to welding. Anti-spatter compounds may also contain chlorinated hydrocarbons. W hen vapors from these materials enter the atmosphere around the arc, a reaction between ultraviolet radiation from the welding are and these vapors can produce phosgene.Since phosgene levels as low as 2 ppm can cause serious health impairment or even death, it is important to prevent vapors from any chlorinated hydrocarbon from entering the welding area. Consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for any cleaning products used in close proximity to welding processes. Sampling for phosgene is outside the scope of the proce-dures described in this standard.
4. Summary of Methods
4.1 The breathing zone test is designed to measure the exposure of an individual to the fume generated by the process.Sampling is performed by drawing a measured volume of air through a filter assembly, and trapping the solid particulate matter on the filter. When a helmet is worn, the filter cassette inlet is positioned inside the welding helmet at mouth level, approximately 50 mm to the right or left of the breathing zone centerline. If a helmet is not worn, the breathing zone sample is obtained by placing the filter cassette within 230 mm of the operator 's nose and mouth.AWS F1.1M pdf download.