ISO 9:1995 pdf download.Information and docum entation - Transliteration of Cyrillic characters into Latin characters - Slavic and non-Slavic languages
ISO 9:1995 pdf download. establishes a system for the transliteration into Latin characters of Cyrillic characters constituting the alphabets of Slavic and non-Slavic languages, in accordance with the principles of stringent conversion in order to permit international information exchange, particularly by electronic means. For the transliteration of Slavic Cyrillic characters, tables 1 and 2 reproduce the tables published in the first edition of ISO 9:1986; for the transliteration of Cyrillic characters constituting the alphabets of non-Slavic languages, table 3 adopts the transliteration of tables 1 and 2 for all characters similar to those of Slavic languages and gives equivalents for all supplementary characters intioduced in the alphabets of non-Slavic languages.
Table 3 includes in a single sequence, listed in the Cyrillic &phabetic order, the 118 single or diacritic- carrying characters that appear in one or another of the considered alphabets. The list of the languages written in these alphabets is given in annex C.
2 General principles of conversion of writing systems
2.1 The words in a language, which are written according to a given script (the converted system), sometimes have to be rendered according to a different system (the conversion system) normally used for a different language. The procedure is often used for historical or geographical texts, cartographical documents and in particular bibliographical work where characters must be converted from different writing systems into a single alphabet to allow for alphabetical intercalation in bibliographies, catalogues, indexes, toponyrnic lists. etc.
2.3 Retransliteration is the process whereby the characters of a conversion alphabet are transformed back into those of the converted writing system. It is the exact opposite of the transliteration process in that the rules of a transliteration system are applied in reverse in order to reconvert the transliterated word to its original form.
2.4 Transcription is the process whereby the pronunciation of a given language is noted by the system of signs of a conversion language.
A transcription system is of necessity based on the orthographical conventions of the conversion language. Transcription is not strictly reversible.
Transcription may be used for the conversion of all writing systems. It is the only method that can be used for systems that are not entirely alphabetical or syllabic and for all ideophonographical systems of writing like Chinese,
2.5 To carry out romanizatlon (the conversion of non-Latin writing systems to the Latin alphabet) either transliteration or transcription or a combination of the two may be used depending on the nature of the converted system.
2.6 A conversion system proposed for international use may call for compromise and the sacrifice of certain national customs. his therefore necessary for each community of users to accept concessions, fully abstaining in every case from imposing as a matter of course solutions that are actually justified only by national practice (regarding pronunciation and orthography).
When a country uses two systems univocally convertible one into the other to write its own language, the system of transliteration thus implemented shall be taken a priori as a basis for the international standardized system, as far as it is compatible with the other principles exposed hereafter.
2.7 When necessary, the conversion systems should specify an oquivalont for each character, not only the letters but also the punctuation marks, numbers. etc. They should similarly take into account the arrangement of the sequence of characters that make up the text, for example the direction of the script, and specify the way of distinguishing words and of using separation signs, following as closely as possible the customs of the language(s) which use the converted writing system.ISO 9 pdf download.