AWS J1.1M-J1.1:2013 pdf download.Specification for Resistance Welding Controls
1.1 Scope. This standard provides nomenclature pertaining to the design, construction, and programming of resistance welding controls. Standard calibration and performance parameters as well as labeling and documentation requirements are also outlined. As there are many available resistance welding control types, configurations, sizes and models, not every part of this standard may apply in every case. This document does not supersede regulations, codes and standards relating to electrical and electronic circuit design or implementation. The purpose is to promote standardization, safety,and proper application of resistance welding controls.
1.2 Units of Measure. This standard makes use of both the International System of Units (SI) and U.S. Customary units.The latter are shown within brackets [ ] or in appropriate columns in tables and figures. The measurements may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently.
3 Terms and Definitions
AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions Including Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering,Thermal Cutting, and Thermal Spraying, provides the basis for terms and definitions used herein. However, the following terms and definitions are included below to accommodate usage specific to this document.
adaptive resistance welding control. A definite-purpose controller possessing the capability to adjust the current level,current profile, weld time and possibly electrode force in response to a process characteristic relating to the formation of the weld nugget. Example process characteristics include: secondary circuit resistance, electrode force, ultrasonic feedback, current level, current profile, and weld time. See also compensating resistance welding control.
compensating resistance welding control. A definite-purpose controller with the capability to adjust welding energy and tooling parameters before or during the weld to overcome poor process set-up and disturbances to weld quality.Example compensation adjustments include automatic voltage compensation, power factor correction, and predefined heat steppers. See also adaptive resistance welding control.
control function. The basic unit, element, or instruction of a weld schedule.
program. A nonstandard term when used for weld schedule.
resistance welding control. A definite-purpose controller having ratings, operating characteristics and construction optimized for the resistance welding process. Parameters include the welding sequence and timing with regard to the welding current waveforms, electrode or platen force or movement, and other operational conditions of a resistance welding machine.
4.1.1 Single-Phase Alternating Current (AC)
Most modern single -phase AC resistance welding controls provide a voltage input to the resistance welding transformer determined by adjustment of the welding contactor conduction phase angle. Control function timing is based on AC line frequency and is usually determined in cycles. At a 60-Hz line frequency, the interval of each time increment (cycle) is 16.7 ms. At a 50-Hz line frequency, the interval of each time increment (cycle) is 20 ms. Control can be as fine as one half line cycle at heat settings from 10% to 99% of the available line voltage. These controls are used in conjunction with both AC and DC single-phase transformers.AWS J1.1M-J1.1 pdf download.